函数

print()

输出并打印到屏幕

print("Hello World")

Hello World

sorted()

临时升序列表

fruits = ['banana', 'apple', 'tangerine', 'strawberry']
print(sorted(fruits))

['apple', 'banana', 'strawberry', 'tangerine']

方法

操作字符串

字符串格式化

①f-string（格式化字符串）f表示该字符串需要格式化，{ }内可放入变量或表达式

first_name = "jack"
last_name = "tom"
full_name = f"{first_name} {last_name}"
print(full_name)

jack tom

title()

将字符串的每个单词首字母大写

name = "jack tom"
print(name.title())

Jack Tom

upper()

将字符串全部大写

name = "Jack Tom"
print(name.upper())

JACK TOM

lower()

将字符串全部小写

name = "Jack Tom"
print(name.lower())

jack tom

rstrip()

删除字符串右端的空白

# 在 Python 交互式命令行中执行以下操作：
>>> favorite_language = 'python '
>>> favorite_language.rstrip()
'python'

lstrip()

删除字符串左端的空白

# 在 Python 交互式命令行中执行以下操作：
>>> favorite_language = ' python '
>>> favorite_language.lstrip()
'python '

strip()

删除字符串两端的空白

# 在 Python 交互式命令行中执行以下操作：
>>> favorite_language = ' python '
>>> favorite_language.strip()
'python'

removeprefix()

删除字符串前缀

# 在 Python 交互式命令行中执行以下操作：
>>> bytec_url = 'https://bytec.top'
>>> bytec_url.removeprefix('https://')
'bytec.top'

操作列表

append()

在列表末尾添加元素

fruits = ['honeydew', 'yuzu', 'strawberry']
fruits.append('durian')
print(fruits)

['honeydew', 'yuzu', 'strawberry', 'durian']

insert()

在列表中插入元素

fruits = ['honeydew', 'yuzu', 'strawberry']
fruits.insert(0, 'durian')
print(fruits)

['durian', 'honeydew', 'yuzu', 'strawberry']

pop()

默认删除列表末尾的元素，并让你能够接着使用它

fruits = ['honeydew', 'yuzu', 'strawberry']
popped_fruits = fruits.pop()
print(fruits)
print(popped_fruits)

['honeydew', 'yuzu']
strawberry

也可以指定索引删除

fruits = ['honeydew', 'yuzu', 'strawberry']
popped_fruits = fruits.pop(0)
print(fruits)
print(popped_fruits)

['yuzu', 'strawberry']
honeydew

remove()

根据值删除元素

fruits = ['honeydew', 'yuzu', 'strawberry', 'durian']
fruits.remove('durian') 
print(fruits)

['honeydew', 'yuzu', 'strawberry'] 

sort()

升序列表

fruits = ['honeydew', 'yuzu', 'strawberry', 'durian']
fruits.sort() 
print(fruits)

['durian', 'honeydew', 'strawberry', 'yuzu']

sort(reverse=True)

降序列表

fruits = ['honeydew', 'yuzu', 'strawberry', 'durian']
fruits.sort(reverse=True) 
print(fruits)

['yuzu', 'strawberry', 'honeydew', 'durian']

reverse()

将列表反转

fruits = ['honeydew', 'yuzu', 'strawberry', 'durian']
fruits.reverse()
print(fruits)

['durian', 'strawberry', 'yuzu', 'honeydew']

语句

del语句

删除列表中的元素

fruits = ['honeydew', 'yuzu', 'strawberry']
del fruits[0]
print(fruits)

['yuzu', 'strawberry']